HTTP API

pg_exporter exposes four kinds of HTTP endpoints on its listen port (default :9630): metrics, health checks, traffic routing, and operational management. The full endpoint list:

Health and routing endpoints answer from a cached background-probe role state (primary / replica / down / starting / unknown) — they never query the database synchronously per HTTP request, so probe storms cannot reach the database.

Metrics Endpoint

GET /metrics

The primary endpoint that exposes all collected metrics in Prometheus format.

Request

curl http://localhost:9630/metrics

Response

# HELP pg_up last scrape was able to connect to the server: 1 for yes, 0 for no
# TYPE pg_up gauge
pg_up 1

# HELP pg_version server version number
# TYPE pg_version gauge
pg_version 140000

# HELP pg_in_recovery server is in recovery mode? 1 for yes 0 for no
# TYPE pg_in_recovery gauge
pg_in_recovery 0

# HELP pg_exporter_build_info A metric with a constant '1' value labeled with version, revision, branch, goversion, builddate, goos, and goarch from which pg_exporter was built.
# TYPE pg_exporter_build_info gauge
pg_exporter_build_info{version="v1.4.1",branch="main",revision="<git-sha>",builddate="<build-date>",goversion="go1.26.5",goos="linux",goarch="amd64"} 1

# ... additional metrics

Response Format

Metrics follow the Prometheus exposition format:

# HELP <metric_name> <description>
# TYPE <metric_name> <type>
<metric_name>{<label_name>="<label_value>",...} <value> <timestamp>

Self-Monitoring Metrics

Besides business metrics defined by YAML collectors, /metrics also exposes the exporter’s own runtime metrics (disable the pg_exporter_* part with --disable-intro; the prefix follows --namespace and becomes pgbouncer_ in pgBouncer mode):

pg_exporter_query_scrape_duration and _error_count pinpoint slow and failing collectors directly — the machine-readable equivalent of /stat.

Health Checks

Health endpoints provide multiple ways to monitor PG Exporter and the target database state.

GET /up

Simple aliveness check based on cached background probe state. It does not actively probe the database on every HTTP request.

Response Codes

Example

# Check whether the service is healthy
curl -I http://localhost:9630/up

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8

GET /health

Alias of /up with identical behavior.

curl http://localhost:9630/health

GET /liveness and GET /readiness

Path aliases provided for Kubernetes probe conventions, with behavior identical to /up (same handler):

livenessProbe:
  httpGet: { path: /liveness, port: 9630 }
  initialDelaySeconds: 30
  periodSeconds: 10
readinessProbe:
  httpGet: { path: /readiness, port: 9630 }
  initialDelaySeconds: 5
  periodSeconds: 5

Note that both share the same semantics: they return 503 when the target database is unreachable. If you don’t want “database down” to restart the exporter Pod, use a TCP probe on the listen port for liveness instead.

Traffic Routing

These endpoints are designed for load balancers and proxies to route traffic based on server role.

GET /primary

Check whether the server is a primary instance.

Response Codes

Aliases

• /leader
• /master
• /read-write
• /rw

Example

# Check whether the server is primary
curl -I http://localhost:9630/primary

# Use in HAProxy
backend pg_primary
  option httpchk GET /primary
  server pg1 10.0.0.1:5432 check port 9630
  server pg2 10.0.0.2:5432 check port 9630

GET /replica

Check whether the server is a replica instance.

Response Codes

Aliases

• /standby
• /read-only
• /ro

/slave remains compatible, but /replica is the preferred name.

Example

# Check whether the server is a replica
curl -I http://localhost:9630/replica

# Use in a load balancer
backend pg_replicas
  option httpchk GET /replica
  server pg2 10.0.0.2:5432 check port 9630
  server pg3 10.0.0.3:5432 check port 9630

GET /read

Check whether the server can handle read traffic. Both primaries and replicas may return success.

Response Codes

Example

# Check whether the server can serve reads
curl -I http://localhost:9630/read

# Route reads to any healthy server
backend pg_read
  option httpchk GET /read
  server pg1 10.0.0.1:5432 check port 9630
  server pg2 10.0.0.2:5432 check port 9630
  server pg3 10.0.0.3:5432 check port 9630

Operational Endpoints

GET /reload / POST /reload

Reload configuration without restarting the exporter.

Request

# POST is recommended
curl -X POST http://localhost:9630/reload

# GET remains supported for compatibility
curl http://localhost:9630/reload

Response

server reloaded

Response Codes

Use Cases

• Update collector definitions
• Change query parameters
• Modify cache TTL values
• Add or remove collectors

GET /explain

Display planned collector execution details for all configured collectors.

Request

curl http://localhost:9630/explain

Response

##
# SYNOPSIS
#       pg.pg_primary_only_*
#
# DESCRIPTION
#       PostgreSQL basic information (on primary)
#
# OPTIONS
#       Tags       [cluster, primary]
#       TTL        1
#       Priority   110
#       Timeout    100ms
#       Fatal      true
#       Version    100000 ~ higher
#       Source     pg_exporter.yml

...

GET /stat

Show runtime statistics, including collector execution times and success/error counters.

Request

curl http://localhost:9630/stat

Response

name                     total      hit        error      skip       metric     ttl/s  duration/ms
pg                       12         0          0          0          15         1      4.231000
pg_db                    12         11         0          0          28         10     0.153000
pg_activity              12         0          1          0          8          0      7.842000
...

This endpoint is useful when identifying slow or problematic collectors.

Using with Load Balancers

HAProxy Example

# Primary backend for write traffic
backend pg_primary
  mode tcp
  option httpchk GET /primary
  http-check expect status 200
  server pg1 10.0.0.1:5432 check port 9630 inter 3000 fall 2 rise 2
  server pg2 10.0.0.2:5432 check port 9630 inter 3000 fall 2 rise 2 backup

# Replica backend for read traffic
backend pg_replicas
  mode tcp
  balance roundrobin
  option httpchk GET /replica
  http-check expect status 200
  server pg2 10.0.0.2:5432 check port 9630 inter 3000 fall 2 rise 2
  server pg3 10.0.0.3:5432 check port 9630 inter 3000 fall 2 rise 2

# Read backend for any server that can handle reads
backend pg_read
  mode tcp
  balance leastconn
  option httpchk GET /read
  http-check expect status 200
  server pg1 10.0.0.1:5432 check port 9630 inter 3000 fall 2 rise 2
  server pg2 10.0.0.2:5432 check port 9630 inter 3000 fall 2 rise 2
  server pg3 10.0.0.3:5432 check port 9630 inter 3000 fall 2 rise 2

A Note on Nginx

Open-source Nginx does not support active out-of-band HTTP health checks (the health_check directive is an NGINX Plus feature), and PostgreSQL traffic requires the stream module rather than http proxying. For role-based PostgreSQL traffic routing, prefer HAProxy as shown above, or solutions like Patroni + vip-manager.